以下為初高中英語英語最常用的不規(guī)則動詞表,經(jīng)過網(wǎng)上查詢及個人教學經(jīng)驗,做了部分帥選,希望對學員有幫助。
1.AAA型
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞 中文意思
cost cost cost 花費
cut cut cut 割,切
hurt hurt hurt 受傷
hit hit hit 打,撞
let let let 讓
put put put 放下
read read read 讀
set set set 安排,安置
spread spread spread 展開,傳播,涂
shut shut shut 關上, 閉起,停止營業(yè)
2.ABB型
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
beat beat beaten 打敗
3.ABA
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
become became become 變
come came come 來
run ran run 跑
4.ABB型
(1)在動詞原形后加一個輔音字母d, t或ed構成過去式或過去分詞。
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
burn burnt burnt 燃燒
dream dreamed/dreanmt dreamed/dreanmt 做夢
hear heard heard 聽見
hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 絞死,懸掛
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 學習
light lit/lighted lit/lighted 點燃, 照亮
mean meant meant 意思
show showed showed/shown 展示, 給...看
smell smelled/smelt smelled/smelt 聞, 嗅
speed sped [sped]/speeded sped /speeded 加速
spell spelled/spelt spelled/spelt 拼寫
understand understood understood 明白
wake waked/woke waked/woken 醒來,叫醒, 激發(fā)
(2)把動詞原形的最后一個輔音字母“d”改為“t” 構成過去式或過去分詞。
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
build built built 建筑
lend lent lent 借給
send sent sent 送
spend spent spent 花費
(3)原形→ought →ought
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
bring brought brought 帶來
buy bought bought 買
fight fought fought 打架
think thought thought 思考,想
(4) 原形→aught →aught
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
catch caught caught 抓住
teach taught taught 教
(5)變其中一個元音字母
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
dig dug dug 掘(土), 挖 (洞、溝等)
feed fed fed 喂
find found found 發(fā)現(xiàn),找到
get got got/gotten 得到
hold held held 擁有,握住,支持
lead led led 引導, 帶領, 領導
meet met met 遇見
sit sat sat 坐
shoot shot shot 射擊
spit spit/spat spit/spat 吐痰,
stick stuck stuck 插進, 刺入, 粘住,
win won won 贏
(6)原形→□lt/pt/ft→□lt/pt/ft
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
feel felt felt 感到
keep kept kept 保持
leave left left 離開
sleep slept slept 睡覺
sweep swept swept 掃
(7)其它
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
lay laid laid 下蛋, 放置
pay paid paid 付
say said said 說
stand stood stood 站
understand understood understood 明白
lose lost lost 失去
have had had 有
make made made 制造
sell sold sold 賣
tell told told 告訴
retell retold retold 重講,重復,復述
5.ABC
(1)原形→過去式→原形+(e)n
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
blow blew blown 吹
drive drove driven 駕駛
draw drew drawn 畫畫
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下
give gave given 給
grow grew grown 生長
forgive forgot forgiven 原諒, 饒恕
know knew known 知道
mistake mistook mistooken 弄錯; 誤解,
prove [pru:v] proved proven/proved 證明, 證實, 試驗
take took taken 拿
throw threw thrown 拋,扔
ride rode ridden 騎
see saw seen 看見
show showed showed/shown 展示
write wrote written 寫
(2)原形→過去式→過去式+(e)n
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
break broke broken 打破
choose chose chosen 選擇
get got got/gotten 得到
give gave given
hide hid hidden 隱藏
forget forgot forgotten 忘記
freeze froze frozen 冷凍,結(jié)冰,感到嚴寒
speak spoke spoken 說
steal stole stolen 偷
(3) 變單詞在重讀音節(jié)中的元音字母“i”分別為“a”(過去式)和“u”(過去分詞)。
[i→a →u]
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
begin began begun 開始
drink drank drunk 喝
sing sang sung 唱
sink sank sunk 下沉, 沉沒
swim swam swum 游泳
ring rang rung 打電話
(4)其它
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
be(am, is, are) was/ were been 是
bear bore born 負擔, 忍受
do did done 做
fly flew flown 飛
go went gone 去
lie lay lain 躺
wear wore worn 穿
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