167. render vt. 使得，致使
167. render 解釋比較長，可要仔細體會啊！
1. render sth(for sth) ；render sth (to sb) give sth in return, or exchange, or as sth which is due 給予某物作為報償或用以交換；回報；歸還
render homage, obedience, allegiance,  etc.表示敬意、順從、效忠等：
a reward for services rendered 服務的酬金
render good for evil 以德報怨
render insult for insult 以侮辱對侮辱
render sb a service/render a service to sb 為某人服務
render help to disaster victims 向災民提供援助
render thanks to God 感謝上帝
2. present or send in (an account)for payment 遞交或開出（帳單）：
account rendered $50 開出50美元的帳單
3. cause (sb/sth) to be in a certain condition 使（某人[某事物]）處于某種狀況：
rendered helpless by an accident 因出事故而束手無策
Your action had rendered our contract invalid.你們的這種做法導致雙方的合同失敗。
4. [esp passive 尤用于被動語態] give a performance of (music, a play, a character. etc);give a portrayal of (sb/sth)in painting, etc.演奏（音樂）；演出（戲劇）；扮演（角色）；以繪畫等表現（某人[某物]）：
The piano solo was well rendered. 那支鋼琴獨奏曲彈得真好。
'Othello' was rendered rather poorly. 《奧賽羅》這出戲演得不好。
The artist had rendered her gentle smile perfectly. 該藝術家把她那溫柔的笑容表現得惟妙惟肖。
5. render sth (into sth): express sth in another language; translate sth. 翻譯某事物：
How would you render 'bon voyage' (into English)? 'bon voyage'怎么翻譯（成英語）？
Rendering poetry into other language is difficult. 翻譯詩歌是很困難的。
6. cover (stone or brick) with a first layer of plaster 在（石或磚）上抹灰泥打底：
render walls 在墻上抹底灰
7. （習語）render an account of oneself, one's behaviour, etc: explain or justify what one has said, done, etc. 為自己的言行等作解釋或辯護.
8. render sth down： make (eg fat, lard) liquid by heating it; melt sth down 將（脂肪、豬油等）熬成油；熔化某物。render sth up：hand over or surrender sth; yield sth. 移交或交出某物；放棄某事物：
render up a fort, town, etc to the enemy 放棄要塞、城市等被敵人占領
(fig比喻) He rendered up his soul to God, he died. 他魂歸天國了